Power Storage Systems Buying Guide

The small solar power system is composed of single poly-crystalline solar panel, battery and photovoltaic controller.When the output power supply is AC 220V or 110V,inverter is also required.All in all,solar energy system uses photoelectric effect to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. It is often used for household lighting and outdoor camping.

Solar panel is the core part of solar power generation system.It’s also the most valuable part of the solar power generation system.The function is to convert the radiation capacity of the sun into electric energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or push the load to work.

The function of solar controller is to control the working state of the whole system and protect the battery from overcharge and over discharge,the qualified controller shall also have the function of temperature compensation,where the temperature difference is large.Other additional functions such as optical control switch and time control switch shall be optional to the controller.

In small and micro solar systems, nickel hydrogen batteries, nickel cadmium batteries or lithium batteries can also be used.The function of solar energy storage cells is to store the electric energy emitted by solar panels when there is light and release it when needed.

The direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC and 48VDC.In order to provide electric energy to 220VAC electrical appliances, it is necessary to convert the DC energy generated by the solar power generation system into AC energy,therefore, DC-AC inverter needs to be used.

Advantage of it.

Solar energy is inexhaustible.

Solar energy can be located everywhere and can supply power nearby without long-distance transmission, avoiding the loss of long-distance transmission lines

Solar energy does not use fuel and its operation cost is very low.

Solar power generation has no moving parts, is not easy to use and damage, and is simple to maintain，easy to carry also.

Solar power generation will not produce any waste, no pollution, noise and other public hazards, and has no adverse impact on the environment. It is an ideal clean energy.Safe and reliable also.

The construction period of solar power generation system is short, convenient and flexible, and the solar array capacity can be added or reduced arbitrarily according to the increase or decrease of load to avoid waste.

Disadvantage of it.

The amount of solar power generation is related to climate conditions.

Under standard conditions, the solar radiation intensity received on the ground is 1000W / m ^.So the energy density is low.

The initial investment is high.

Easy to carry,easy to be stolen at the same time.

In the countryside, all kinds of roof can be seen everywhere, most of the roof directly the owner of the property, the building photovoltaic roof can make full use of idle resources, the promotion and popularization of distributed photovoltaic system provides a favorable condition, now more and more rural users in their


in rural areas, all kinds of roof can be seen everywhere. Most have direct roof of property owners can make full use of idle resources building photovoltaic roof. The promotion and popularization of distributed photovoltaic system provides favorable conditions. Now more and more rural users on the roof installation of photovoltaic power generation systems, photovoltaic power generation is used to make money. But some people hesitate because they don't understand. What is the harm with rooftop photovoltaics in the rural areas? Rural photovoltaic (pv) is a scam and so on. What is the harm with rooftop photovoltaics in the rural areas? Basically there is no harm. Because solar energy is a very safe energy, if there is a hazard, countries will not vigorously promotion of photovoltaic power generation, right? Solar power is an inexhaustible renewable energy. It has enough cleanliness, absolute security, relative popularity, long service life, maintenance free, the advantages of rich resources, large economic potential. It occupies an important position in the long-term energy strategy. At present, the energy-saving policy of China is very good. More and more rural people use idle resources to build the roof of photovoltaic power generation, power companies in the region can be compensated by coal-fired power generation, this will greatly improve the gas environment of the region. Consider, in addition to investment generally photovoltaic roof user has the following five types of consumer demand: 1. Contribution to the low carbon and environmental protection: at present, China smoke and other serious air pollution. Photovoltaic power generation is an inexhaustible, inexhaustible green energy. If everyone is to install a photovoltaic power generation, they can contribute to environmental protection an own strength. 2. Leading technology trend: investment photovoltaic power station, power supply for 25 years for free. In addition, in the process of generating no pollution emissions. 3. Not just electricity: peak season in the summer, often use electricity in many areas. If installed a set of micro photovoltaic (pv) grid system ( Off-grid system) of compliance , when someone's house without electricity, energy storage device can automatically start their own families power grid. The advantages and disadvantages of rural photovoltaic roof can satisfy lighting, refrigerator, fan, the basic electricity demand such as aquarium air pump. 4. Release of electricity demand: many installed a photovoltaic system users really feel they can switch on empty during the day, and have confidence in electricity during the day. Meter is broken, because the state subsidies 0. 42 yuan, so more cost-effective. 5. Sunshade heat insulation effect: when the photovoltaic modules batteries placed in large area roof, building indoor temperature can effectively reduce to 3 ℃. Household photovoltaic roof can feel cool directly, indirectly empty call electricity saving. Thus, the rapid development of photovoltaic power station in China is not only a national and local government investment caused by impulse after all kinds of subsidies, is also an important reason which cannot be ignored. Why don't you installed on the roof of a photovoltaic power station?

Photovoltaic (pv) power generation has significant energy, environmental protection and economic benefit, is one of the high quality green energy. Photovoltaic (pv) power generation also need carrier, floor, roof, greenhouses, fish ponds, barren hills, beaches, etc. , and the carrier resources are very abundant in the countryside. Especially the


photovoltaic (pv) power generation has significant energy, environmental protection and economic benefits, is one of the high quality green energy. Photovoltaic (pv) power generation also need carrier, such as floor, roof, greenhouse, fish ponds, barren hills, beach, etc. , these vectors are very rich resources in the countryside. In particular, in the rural areas, build the roof can be seen everywhere, for farmers, there is no property disputes on the roof, also does not have the city high-rise building shelters. In addition, the rural air, good transparency, more blue sky time is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the power station. These inherent advantages make photovoltaic power generation in rural areas has great development potential. In the past, now only foreign things can be found in the home. Five years ago, to be able to afford the number of photovoltaic power generation is still rare. In recent years, with the advent of the era of cheap access to the Internet, many people also follow the trend, the installation of photovoltaic power generation system. Some pv power generation system is built on the ground, some built on the roof. 'Roof in the sun, transmission and utilization, and money' is a lot of people when installing pv systems may not understand. In general, photovoltaic power generation system is built on the roof. Photovoltaic panels absorb solar energy during the day, and through the photovoltaic (pv) grid inverter to convert direct current (dc) to alternating current (ac), for household use. They can be incorporated into the national grid in power when unused for power sales revenue. 'YongDianShu money' is not nonsense. Photovoltaic energy saving daily electricity bills. 0 countries for 20 years. RMB 42 electricity subsidy, this is a stable and sustainable income. Photovoltaic (pv) power generation has a variety of patterns of rural households, including village collective photovoltaic power station, the villagers roof photovoltaic power station, agriculture greenhouse photovoltaic power station and fish ponds photovoltaic power station construction. But now, the village collective photovoltaic power station and the villagers roof photovoltaic power station has also been widely used, suitable for promotion. Village collective photovoltaic power station combined with local poverty alleviation projects, mostly poor generation benefit. The wide application of photovoltaic power generation project in rural areas will effectively promote energy conservation and emissions reduction, lead more and more families use new energy, so as to better protect the ecological environment.

Solar batteries testing work in order to determine whether the battery components, deal with solar battery for testing before installation, measuring installation personnel must compare the solar cell manufacturer's technical manuals. Open circuit voltage measurement must be in the solar energy battery components are


solar batteries testing in order to determine whether the battery module to work properly, before the installation must be tested on the solar cell, installation personnel must contrast when measuring solar cell manufacturer's technical manuals. The open circuit voltage measurement must be the sun in the solar energy battery components, heating before because the output voltage of the solar cell components will reduce with the increase of temperature. Short circuit current measurement directly influenced by the sunshine intensity. Unless you can accurately measure the sunshine intensity, only the output current characteristics of the solar cell module for approximate estimate. In the process of measurement, make the solar cell component perpendicular to the plane of the face to the sunshine. Most of the solar energy battery components field measurement results and the data given in the product specification differs in 5 - Less than 10%, the best measurement under the condition of the strongest sun at noon battery components. ？ Installation method 1) Bracket installation method. A single solar arrays can use a simple bracket device installation. Two Angle plating steel stents through screw fixed on the wall and roof of the building, the other pair with stents with connection at the end of the solar cell component framework, two stents linked together to form a simple, durable, cheap to install solar cell phalanx bracket device. Support device can rotate so that depending on the season to adjust Angle, so as to optimize the performance of the photovoltaic system. 2) Post installation method. Directly fixed on the ground of the column used to install the solar cell phalanx. Generally speaking, the diameter of 5 - 7 cm steel tube is very suitable for as the material of the support structure. Using this method of installation, Angle also can be adjusted according to the season, in order to optimize the performance of the photovoltaic power generation systems. 3) The ground installation method. When installing solar array on the ground, should base on the ground is made in advance, and then the metal framework on the base, the final install solar arrays on the frame. Install the framework usually includes two parallel channel. Use screws to fix horizontal support aluminum on the channel beam. Horizontal support aluminium profile should have high strength, in order to prevent the blown away. The solar cell phalanx of aluminum frame with screws in the upper and lower levels of support on the aluminum ( In the preset Angle of fixed) 。 Can also purchase or production with adjustable Angle bracket device, so that according to the season to adjust the Angle of the panels. Galvanized steel is applied to directly installed on the concrete base metal framework, because the lime content in concrete corrosion of aluminum. In addition, screws, nuts and washers shall be made of stainless steel to prevent corrosion. In the final options prior to the installation position of the solar cell array, should be detailed assessment of local climate conditions and soil bearing capacity. Ground installation requires a base, have enough strength to avoid the damage caused by excessive pressure. At the same time, the base should be able to withstand the tangential wind ( Lateral movement) Force. Refer to the local building standards can provide the basis for determine the basic requirements. Before installation, ensure that the supporting components conform to these standards. 4) Roof installation method. In the roof installed solar arrays have four kinds of commonly used methods: installed stents, independent, direct installation and integration. ( 1) Bracket installation. In bracket installation mode, the solar cell array is supported by metal frame, and presents the preset Angle. Installed on the bracket, a set of square solar cells through the screw on the roof. This kind of installation method will increase the load bearing of the roof and the wind stress. However, due to the air flow path is completely surrounded by the solar cell array, the solar cell array can remain relatively low working temperature, thus improve the efficiency. Some stents installation method can adjust the Angle according to the season, improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation systems.

Pumping energy storage dominant
according to different storage technology, storage can be divided into mechanical energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, electromagnetic energy storage. Among them, the mechanical energy storage mainly includes pumping energy storage, compressed air energy storage and flywheel energy storage, its technical characteristics are as a storage medium such as water, air, these energy storage medium are not chemical change; Electrochemical energy storage battery energy storage, its technical characteristics are using chemical element as a storage medium, charge and discharge process in fact is the process of chemical reactions or intending to energy storage medium; Electromagnetic energy storage refers to the energy stored in the electric field, magnetic field and alternating electromagnetic field energy storage technology, main technological development direction for the superconducting magnetic energy storage, etc.
at present, the mechanical energy storage is the most mature, the most common used in pumped storage, is mainly used for power system of peak shaving and valley filling, frequency modulation, phase modulation, emergency standby, etc. According to CNESA data statistics, as of the end of December 2018, China has put energy storage project of the cumulative size of 31. 2 gw, which has installed the largest pumped storage, about 30. 0 gw, the proportion is as high as 96%.






pumping energy storage for the most part, mainly thanks to its mature technology and low cost, but the electrochemical energy storage is the most widely application scope, the development potential of the largest energy storage technology, is growing rapidly in recent years. In 2018, the new operation of storage project size is 2. 3 gw, including electrochemical energy storage of the largest new was put into operation, to 0. 6 gw, surged 414% year-on-year.
in all kinds of electrochemical energy storage, lithium ion battery since the realization of industrialization in the early 1990 s, since it has high energy density, high working voltage, long cycle life and fast charging, discharge power, small self-discharge rate, high memory effect small and green environmental protection and other outstanding advantages, the rapid development; After 2000, lithium batteries gradually occupy the dominant position in the field of mobile phone batteries, mobile phone batteries, until the basic monopoly in notebook computers, digital cameras, power tools, and other fields has been widely used, and gradually to develop the field of new energy vehicles, etc.
by the end of 2018, China has put into operation the electrochemical energy storage project, the accumulation of lithium ion battery installed proportion is as high as 68%; Followed by the lead battery, accounted for 29%; Sodium flow batteries, flow batteries, such as ultracapacitors share co. , LTD.




compared to mechanical energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, electromagnetic energy storage technology is still in development, expensive, practical application is limited. Superconducting magnetic energy storage, for example, in addition to the cost of the superconductor itself, maintain the system low temperature lead to improve maintenance frequency and cost is quite high, so the world within the scope of many of the superconducting magnetic energy storage engineering is running or in the stage of development.
key
the pumping energy storage is still the development of our country's energy and power load center distance, power system has always followed the big power grid, the development direction of large motor, according to the concentration and distribution mode, with the rapid development of renewable energy generation and the social requirements for power quality improving, energy storage technology application prospect.
CNESA predicted that by 2020 China's energy storage market scale will reach 41. 996 gigawatts (gw), in which the size of the pumped storage for 40 gw. Visible, speed up the development of pumped-storage power station construction is still one of the key direction of electric power development in our country, the state support for the construction of pumped storage power will continue to increase.
the hydropower development & other; Much starker choices-and graver consequences-in & throughout; Plan was to regional development planning, including north China, east China, central China, northeast China pumped storage power station construction scale more than 10 million kilowatts, in 2020, north China, east China, central China size will be more than 6. 5 million kilowatts.






in addition to pumping energy storage, lithium battery is also expected to rapid development. Lithium-ion battery production technology rapid progress, making lithium battery product cost reduction, will increase the competitiveness of the energy storage compared to other lithium battery energy storage technology, lithium battery market penetration gradually enhanced in the field of energy storage, will further promote the application of the market size increases correspondingly. By 2022, China li-ion battery energy storage output will increase to 13. 7 billion yuan.