What is the working principle of solar photovoltaic panels?

Solar panels is a light have response and can convert light energy into electrical devices. Can produce the material, there are many kinds of photovoltaic effect, such as: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, copper indium selenium, etc. Their power generation principle of basic same,

solar panel is light reaction device that can be light energy into electrical energy. A variety of materials can produce photovoltaic effects, such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, copper indium selenium, etc. Their power in the same principle. Now we will with crystalline silicon as an example to describe the process of photovoltaic power generation. Phosphorus can type crystal silicon doped phosphorus for n type silicon, thus forming p - N junction. When light to the surface of a solar cell, some photons absorbed by the silicon material; Photon energy is transferred to the silicon atoms, leading to more and more electronic mobile become free electrons, on both sides of the p-n junction gathered themselves together, and form a potential difference. When circuit external connections, in under the action of the voltage, electric current will flow through an external circuit to generate certain output power. The essence of this process is the process of the photon energy into electrical energy. There are two kinds of solar power solar power, is a solar-thermal electric conversion, the other is a photoelectric conversion directly. ( 1) Solar-thermal conversion method using solar radiation produced by thermal power generation. Usually, the solar energy collector will absorb heat from the solar panels into industrial steam, and then drive steam turbines. The former is the thermal conversion process. After a process is a thermoelectric conversion process, the same as the common thermal power generation. The disadvantage of solar thermal power generation is low efficiency and high cost. It is estimated that the investment of at least 5 - expensive than normal thermal power plant 10 times. A 20-1000 megawatts of solar thermal power plants need to invest 2. 5 billion dollars, 1 kw average investment is 2000 - 2500 dollars. Therefore, it is suitable for the small-scale special occasions, and large-scale use of economic, cannot compete with common coal-fired power plants or nuclear power plant. ( 2) The photoelectric conversion mode this mode using the photoelectric effect directly convert solar energy directly into electricity. The photoelectric conversion is the basic equipment of solar cells. The solar cell is a kind of solar energy directly into electricity by photovoltaic effect. This is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight on the photodiode, photoelectric diode to convert solar energy into electrical energy and generate an electric current. When many cells in series or in parallel, they can become the solar array output power is relatively large. Solar panels is a promising new type of power supply, has three major advantages: permanent, clean and flexibility. Solar battery service life is long. As long as there is the sun, the solar cell can use an investment for a long time. Compared with thermal power and nuclear power, solar cells will not cause environmental pollution. Solar cells can be large, medium, and small, from medium capacity of 1 million kilowatts of power station to only for a family of solar cells, and this is unmatched by other energy sources.