The residential electric energy-saving design of shallow point

Introduction

with the development of production and the continuous improvement of people's living standard, the whole society, the demand for electricity is on the rise. Buildings conserve power electrical field contains the huge potential, not only can effectively ease the contradiction between supply and demand of electric power, ensuring the sustained, high-speed and healthy development of the national economy, accelerating equipment upgrading, promote the progress of science and technology at the same time, and protect the environment, and economic benefit is remarkable. According to our country put forward the development strategy of 'China's green lighting project', lighting energy saving has become an important aspect of energy saving. Saving electricity is on the premise of guarantee the intensity of illumination, promotion of high efficiency and energy saving lighting equipment, improve the energy utilization, and reduce power consumption. Intensity of illumination, the wiring modification, the layout of the choice of electric light source, lamps and lanterns, lighting control and maintenance and management of residential electric energy conservation transformation in-depth discussion.

1 rational selection of illuminance standard

press ( GBJ133 - 1990). The civil building lighting design standard 'residential classification standard illumination regulation, should take is 100 - 150 - 200 lx, as shown in table 1 ( In general, reasonable for intermediate values) 。 In the residential lighting design should be pragmatic, avoid one-sided pursuit of form. Regulation range of illuminance values should be practical, good for energy saving. Due to different room with the same purpose, with different environment will appear bigger difference. To modify existing residential lighting, first of all, according to the different locations and different USES to determine the appropriate intensity of illumination. Illumination is too big, not only waste of electricity and harmful to people's eyes, intensity of illumination is too small, bring inconvenience to the life and work, and also do harm to people's eyes. Under the condition of meet the illuminance standard, power saving.

　　( 1) Room size, shape, in general the smaller the area of the room ( Big) , the lower the utilization coefficient ( High) 。 Affected by the size and shape on the energy saving of buildings;

　　( 2) Indoor decorate tonal: indoor use white or light color to decorate, increase the light reflection, can improve the utilization rate of light. When using the diffuse type lamps and lanterns, about 50% of illuminance on the working plane provided by the wall, each other to reflect. If the dark repair, most of the light is absorbed, lighting efficiency is greatly reduced;

　　( 3) Make full use of natural light: as far as possible to reduce the use of artificial lighting during the day, in the design of the use of natural lighting, building window area should be reasonable. Lamps and lanterns decorate and control should be parallel to the window, in the cloudy day also need to open indoor illumination inadequate position of lamps and lanterns.

2 choose lighting

indoor illumination mode should be appropriate. Lighting system is divided into general lighting and local lighting and mixed lighting three ways, as one kind of light source can not meet the requirement of the color rendering, more than 2 kinds of light source can be used the way of mixed lighting, this can not only improve the light efficiency, and improve the color rendering.

the illuminance standard level is formulated in accordance with the visual operation to observe the size of the object. In the high intensity of illumination level, at the same level can use different ways of lighting, the illuminance standard is different also, mixed lighting illuminance standard 750 - 1000 - 15001x。 Mixed lighting in general lighting illuminance value of 5% ~ 15%, the highest - 100 150 - 2001 x, therefore, using mixed lighting energy saving significantly, namely in the intensity of illumination requirements are high, unfavorable use general lighting, and should increase the local lighting. To save energy, use a separate way of general lighting, illumination, 3001 x or less. Local lighting is used in many places, its characteristic is the big size face big or artifact, require high intensity of illumination. If you can't use local lighting, can adopt the way of general lighting low hanging, energy-saving effect is remarkable.

combination of general lighting and local lighting for large space, general lighting can be set in the upper wall project-light lamp or wall lamp lighting, energy-efficient than separate set the general lighting mode.

3 choose wire and cable

because there are a resistance wire, cable, inevitably produced when current flows through the line loss, the active power loss, and flare path loss accounts for about 4% of the input energy on the road. The main factors influencing the lighting line loss is a power supply and wire cross-sectional area. According to the active power losses in a three-phase line formula is as follows: