The principle of photovoltaic power generation

The light of the photovoltaic power generation is to use semiconductor interface will be born v effect in a technology light energy directly into electrical energy. The technology key element is the solar cell. Solar cells after a series of packaging protection can form a large area of solar cell components

photovoltaic effect of photovoltaic power generation is to use semiconductor interface technology converts light energy into electrical energy. A key part of the technology is the solar cell. Solar cells in series after encapsulation protects form a large area of solar cells, modules, photovoltaic power generation device is composed of power controller with other parts. Sunlight in p - semiconductor N junction, formed a new, empty hole Electron pair. In the p - Established under the action of electric field in the n junction, empty hole from n to P areas, electrons from P to n area, and a current after circuit connected. This is called the photoelectric effect, solar cells work. Solar power has two ways, one is a solar-thermal electric conversion, the other is a photoelectric conversion directly. ( 1) Solar-thermal electric heat generated from solar radiation power conversion mode. Usually, the solar collector will absorb heat energy is converted into steam as the working medium, and then to drive a turbine to generate electricity. The former is the thermal conversion process. After a process is a thermoelectric conversion process, the same as the normal thermal power. The disadvantage of solar thermal power generation is low efficiency and high cost. It is estimated that the investment of at least 5 ~ 10 times expensive than normal thermal power plant. ( 2) Photoelectric conversion this method using the photovoltaic effect directly convert solar radiation directly into electricity. The photoelectric conversion is the basic equipment of solar cells. The solar cell is a kind of solar energy directly into electricity by photovoltaic effect. This is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight on the photodiode, photoelectric diode to convert solar energy into electrical energy and generate an electric current. When many cells in series or in parallel, they can become the solar array output power is relatively large. The solar cell is a promising new type of power supply, and permanent, clean and flexibility to three big advantage. Solar battery service life is long. As long as there is the sun, the solar cell can use an investment for a long time. Compared with thermal power and nuclear power, solar cells will not cause environmental pollution. Widely used, including: ( 1) The user use solar power: ( 1) 10 - 10 - 100 watts of small power supply used in remote areas without electricity, such as plateau, islands, pastoral areas, border posts, and other military and civilian use electricity, such as lighting, TV, radio, etc. ； ( 2) 3 - 5 kw home roof grid-connected power generation system; ( 3) Photovoltaic water pump: solve without electricity deep Wells of drinking water and irrigation. Second, traffic areas such as beacon light, traffic/railway signal lamp, traffic warning lights, logo lights, street lamps, high altitude obstacle lights, road/railway wireless phone booth, unattended road power supply etc. 3. Communication/communication: solar unattended microwave relay station, fiber optic cable maintenance station, radio/communication/paging power supply system; Photovoltaic systems, small rural carrier telephone communication machine, soldiers global positioning system (GPS) power supply, etc. 4. Oil, Marine and meteorological fields: oil pipeline and reservoir gate cathodic protection solar energy power supply system, oil drilling platform and emergency power supply, Marine life detection equipment, weather/hydrological observation equipment, etc. V。 Home the power of the lamps and lanterns: such as the courtyard lamp, street lamp, lantern, fishing camping lamp, mountaineering lamp, lamp, black light lamp, lamp, energy-saving lamps, etc.