Basic knowledge on the stage, film and television solar lamp
Stage, film and television lamp luminaire for stage
in the stage and film and television filming, in order to reach some kind of light effect and the lighting and use of a class of lamps and lanterns. It helps to show content, reflects the author's creation intention, foil the artistic atmosphere, and the audience, photography, Like) The color of the machine to get correct feeling and exposure. Unlike other lamps and lanterns, most this kind of lamps and lanterns has change the beam spread Angle and the function of the degree of the light is downy and color, and is equipped with focus, aperture, special institutions, such as screen frame. Brief history
the earliest stage light development, film lights, the TV lights later. Early performances using natural light and torches, oil lamp, candle light, etc. In the 17th century appeared frame stage, the stage lights by uncontrolled development that can control the light intensity and light source color of simple lamps and lanterns. In 1804, emerged as a burning acetylene gas heating after quicklime achieve the new state of incandescent light source and lamps and lanterns, used for stage lighting. In the 19th century, stage light successively adopted gas, kerosene lamps and electric light source, the lamps and lanterns in the spotlight and astigmatism lamp ( Omni) , and will disperse in stage inside and outside the lamps and lanterns of centralized control, to gradually enter the stage lighting art lighting area. In the 1960 s, the tendency of the stage lights are standardization, systematization, automation, lighting system adopts computer control, comprehensive and and use effect of the laser and voice control.
the early movie lamp with incandescent lamp, carbon arc lamp and high pressure mercury lamp as light source, for shooting black and white. Beginning in the 1960 s with tungsten halogen lamp, its colour temperature is 3200 k, color rendering index 99, guarantees the colour color reproduction. Dc was invented in the early 70 s, China dysprosium lamp holmium, color temperature of 5500 k, color rendering index above 80, and has the advantages of no stroboscopic communication, ensure the sun type of color film color reproduction and interior. The lamp is on the stage in the 1950 s television, film lights developed on the basis of. Due to the tube is higher and higher sensitivity, TV lamp power reduced accordingly. Especially the rapid development of the small studio and closed-circuit television (CCTV), puts forward special requirements on TV lamp, the lever control lamp, electric light, etc.
the film and television stage light from light source, optical components, mechanical parts and electrical parts.
(1) light source. Incandescent lamp, halogen tungsten lamp and metal halide lamp, etc. Their light dot, strip or rectangular geometry, such as color temperature of 3200 k, 5500 k, two kinds, color rendering index in more than 80. (2) optical components. According to the shape of the light source the light and lighting, imaging, effects, such as use requirement, by the reflector, field lens ( Condenser) , such as object lens optical system. (3) mechanical parts. A palisade and block the action such as light, heat, heat insulation, and can guarantee the stability of the optical system is reliable and play a variety of functions, including the light beam Angle amplification and small, to ordinary lens or zoom objective lens focusing, the effects of motor mechanical transmission, etc. (4) electrical components. Including the regulated power supply, light fittings ( Triggers, ballast, rheostat, etc. ) , dimmer, and the effect of stepless variable speed drive motor control electric circuit and so on. Characteristics of
stage light can help the audience see directly on the stage of all or part of a scene, make the scene on the stage look realistic, better shows the creative intention of writers and works of art, large range of light and shade change, lighting area is too big. Film lamp using field scene in a studio, studio, or, 'the audience' are mobile and can make technical processing of the camera or video camera, close shot, lighting lighting in addition to the artistic effect and make the tube or film correct exposure, especially good for color reproduction, under the lights, Pat's interior) Requirement for the light color temperature of 3200 k, color rendering index above 90, the sun, Shot on location) For more than 5500 k and 80.
type stage, film and television lights can be according to the characteristics of the beam is divided into the spotlight, diffused light and the effect of light 3 classes.
spotlight
to get local projection light the lamps and lanterns of results. Beam Angle is adjustable, the light is relatively concentrated, have light edge, has a color filter. Depending on the degree of clear spot edge profile can be divided into the following three.
(1) soft light spot. Light soft, the outline of Fresnel lens is commonly used, therefore is also called the Fresnel lens on the spot. (2) the plane convex lens spotlights. Outline a clear light, intensity is big, is a kind of lamps and lanterns commonly used on the stage. (3) imaging spot. Using imaging principle, make casting light on the stage to produce significant boundary between light and shade of light, is used to track the performer or projection lighting local scope.
diffused light beam spread Angle is large, soft light evenly without edge traces of a class of lamps and lanterns. It USES only a reflector, and equipped with a color filter. Article has a light and foot light lamp, awning astigmatism lamp, astigmatism lamp, four and six league astigmatism lamp, exterior astigmatism lamp and many other varieties. Effect of light using the lights, the combination of mechanical drive and electrical control, casting a variety of scenery, climate change and illusory nature scene of stage, film and television lights. Can show various static landscape scenery and activities like rain, snow, flames, clouds, waves, lightning, such as the sun rises, the shadow in the background you can also use dynamic performance of various landscape, mining and other changes.