Analyze the working principle of solar street lights

The solar street light is composed of solar cell components, including brackets, LED lamp holders, controllers, batteries and light poles in the control box. The light efficiency of solar panels reaches 127Wp/m2. The high efficiency is very beneficial to the wind resistance design of the system. 1W white light LED and 1W yellow light LED are integrated on a printed circuit board and arranged in a dot matrix with a certain interval as a plane light source. Working principle introduction: solar cells made by simply using the principle of photovoltaic effect during the day. Solar panels receive solar radiation energy during the day and convert them into electrical energy. The output is stored in the battery through the charge and discharge controller at night. When the illuminance gradually decreases to about 10lux, the solar panel opens. The charge-discharge controller with a voltage of about 4.5V detects this voltage and then activates the battery to discharge the lamp. After the battery is discharged for 8.5 hours, the charge and discharge controller will act and the battery discharge is over. The main function of the charge and discharge controller is to protect the battery. The design of solar street lights is compared with general solar lighting 1. The basic principles are the same 2. But there are more links to consider. The following will analyze the following aspects of LED high-power street lights. (1) Requirements for solar cell module selection and design 1. Load input voltage 24V, power consumption 34.5W, working hours per day 8.5h. 2. Guarantee 7 consecutive rainy days. ⑴ The average annual radiation in the past two decades is 107.7Kcal/cm2, and the peak sunshine hours in this area are about 3.424h after simple calculation. ⑵ Load daily power consumptionu003du003d12.2AH ⑶ Total charging current required for solar modulesu003d1.05×12.2×÷ 3.424×0.85 u003d5.9A Here 1. The shortest design days between two consecutive rainy days is 20 days. 2.1.05 is the comprehensive loss coefficient of the solar cell module system, and 0.85 is the battery charging efficiency. ⑷The minimum total power of solar modulesu003d17.2×5.9u003d102W. The standard battery module with a peak output power of 110Wp and a single 55Wp should be able to ensure the normal operation of the street lamp system in most cases in a year. (2) Battery selection The calculation of battery design capacity is simpler than the peak wattage of solar modules. According to the above calculation, the daily power consumption of the load is 12.2AH. When the battery is full, it can work continuously for 7 rainy days, plus the battery capacity of the first night.