Mantis shrimp - magic eyes China lighting network

Originated in Mesozoic Jurassic, mantis shrimp class around the world, about 400 kinds of mantis shrimp, and most of the distributed in tropical and subtropical coast, benthic sex. Caught the abdomen can penetrate colourless liquid, so also known as ð ª ® ¶ Often mistakenly written as seto urine shrimp or lai urine shrimp) 。 Mantis shrimp also called mantis mantis. In China, Japan, Korea and southeast Asian countries have distribution, coastal Marine economic animals. As many as dozens of varieties, the main mouth mantis shrimp, black mouth mantis shrimp, spiked mouth mantis shrimp, etc. , as shown in figure a, most areas in China folk call pipi shrimp. Mantis shrimp because its sweet-meated, nutrition is rich, highly popular, is the table delicacies; It also has medicinal value, can cure infantile urinary ( So called seto urine shrimp) And so on. Figure a, mantis shrimp squilla eyes structure and higher vertebrates developed similar eyes, similarly has the photoreceptor cells, mantis shrimp eyes light sensitive cells in the retina of rods and cones. Its bright light cones to accept, have color vision and fine resolution; Rod cell acceptance of weak light, high sensitivity, no color differentiation and fine resolution. The sensitivity of the biological light have very big difference, as most other mammals are outside of the human dichromat; Rodents ( Such as the owl) Only rod cell, is often monochrome vision, and weak color vision; Bees can see polarized light. Figure 2, the rods and cones humans cannot see ultraviolet light, but many arthropods and vertebrates, such as bees can see ultraviolet light, parrots and spiders, mantis shrimp is one of them. Can see ultraviolet light is one of the advantages of mantis shrimp eyes only. Mantis shrimp has developed, outstanding character's eyes. Eye stalk is almost continuous movement, can the independence movement in three axis of rotation. Mantis shrimp's eye surface can be separated by 'middle belt' into a back surface and the ventral side of the eye. As shown in figure 3. Through the analysis of figure 4 anatomy of the middle zone, mantis shrimp eyes contains 16 different kinds of photoreceptor cells, including 14 species are distributed in the middle of the eye. The 1 - Line 4 ( R1 - R4) Contains 12 kinds of cells, capable of colors is mainly used to adjust and achieve maximum spectral range; Line 5 ( R5) And line 6 ( R6) And this is specifically for polarization vision;

and line 8 ( R8) Contains four kinds of cells to perception of ultraviolet light. Because mantis shrimp eyes contain photosensitive cells to uv light, which contains light-sensitive pigment R8 cells, ultraviolet vision can improve the visual discrimination ability of the midlevel predators and prey; DH and VH is responsible for the space vision and motion detection standard visual tasks, namely the monochromatic rely on visual and depth. These photoreceptor cells tested are the light of the natural pigment. Figure 3 mantis shrimp eyes in the middle of the four intermediate belt with side five for human anatomy tutu and mantis shrimp visual range contrast figure. Mantis shrimp the Marine crustaceans has extraordinary vision, has nowadays people known the most complex animal visual system. It is able to discern the 12 kinds of colors and various kinds of polarized light. Humans, in contrast, can only distinguish three kinds. Mantis shrimp is wider than a human's visible spectral range, its color vision also stronger, covering ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths. It also gives the mantis shrimp from human eyes black and white image identify color reasonable explanation. Five human figure compared with the visual range of mantis shrimp, if there is a lighting designer interested in aquatic animal eyes physiological structure optical simulation, to designed a special lamps and lanterns, shrimp the gu eyes should be the typical object of study, I also willing to help. ( This article for dalian ocean university XingKun materials provided by the teacher) YanZhiXiang

semiconductor institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the author Song Changbin